The International Journal of Frontier Sciences

Non-Ossifying Fibroma in Posterior Mandible, A Case Report

2023-11-09T05:05:17+00:00

In this case report, we present a case of non-ossifying fibroma in the mandible of an eleven-year-old girl who reported to the Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery Department with facial asymmetry and painless swelling on palpation over the lower right mandibular region. In this paper, we review the radiographic features, clinical presentation, and histopathological features of non-ossifying fibromas. Non-ossifying fibromas present with a unique extra-gnathic appearance in the skull. It is usually asymptomatic and has diverse histological features. Co-related histological, radiological, and clinical features differentiate it from other odontogenic and non-odontogenic tumors and cysts of the oral cavity. Ortho-pantogram revealed a well-demarcated, expansile radiolucency with pronounced sclerotic borders with striations reaching the anterior and superior regions and thus slowly approaching a multilocular stage. The treatment plan comprised of excisional resection with curettage under general anesthesia. After excisional biopsy of the lesion, the specimen was sent for histopathological evaluation in neutrally buffered 10 % formalin solution, which confirmed it to be a Non-Ossifying Fibroma. Prior to surgery, informed consent and written permission to collaborate with a case report encompassing her findings were obtained from the patients’ guardians. Confidentiality of patient has been taken care of before documenting the report. A meticulous literature review of previous case reports on non-ossifying fibromas revealed typical behaviors and characteristics of this lesion.

Wolcott-Rallison syndrome, A rare paediatric case report

2023-12-11T03:05:56+00:00

Wolcott-Rallison syndrome (WRS) is a rare autosomal recessive, neonatal or infancy onset disease that is non-autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes and is associated with skeletal dysplasia and liver failure. It results in the death of the patient, mainly due to multi-organ failure. Less than 60 cases have been described in the literature so far. Here, we present a very rare case of WRS, which was diagnosed by genetic testing for EIF2AK3 mutations with typical findings of the disease, except skeletal dysplasia, which eventually died due to multi-organ failure. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of WRS in Pakistan.

Facts and Assertiveness in the Direction of Elementary Skills Between Medicinal Apprentices Joined in Medical Eons in Cloistered Therapeutic Institutions

2024-04-30T18:40:32+00:00

Background: To make basic sciences easy and accessible to enhance their clinical importance. Objective: basic sciences in medical education have a pivotal role in forming foundation of a medical students. However, students have become disinterested because of the inaccessibility of the study system and methods. Through this study, an attempt was made to highlight this problem and find a suitable solution.

Material and Methods: Data were collected from 265 students. Data were collected using a questionnaire that was analyzed using SPSS version 20 (IBM, Chicago, IL, USA). Descriptive statistics were used for categorical and quantitative variables. The total scores on each subscale pertaining to basic science subjects, anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry were calculated.

Results: Medical students reported mixed responses on the clinical significance of anatomy (moderate) and physiology (low to moderate), while biochemistry was reported to be the most clinically useful. More than 50% of the respondents considered the syllabus of the basic medical sciences to be vast, in contrast to their limited clinical usefulness. Traditional teaching of basic medical sciences as individual disciplines, unrelated to each other and other clinical subjects (7), made them very difficult to recall and applicable in clinical years of the students, included in our survey

Conclusion: The majority of the respondents in our study were of the view that the knowledge of basic medical sciences is very important in order to become a good clinician, but the majority also thought that only working knowledge of these subjects is required in clinical years. Therefore, there is no need for deeper understanding of structures and functions.

Epidemiological Profile and Management of Central Nervous System (CNS) Malformations in Dera Ghazi Khan

2024-03-11T22:11:38+00:00

Introduction: Malformation of the central nervous system (CNS) typically leaves the family in chaos and medical team helpless. The strict use of preventative measures has significantly decreased the frequency of congenital abnormalities in industrialized nations.

Materials & Methods: At Dera Ghazi Khan Medical College conducted this Cross-sectional analytical study was conducted from January 2023 to December 2023 to evaluate the epidemiological profile and management CNS malformations. All cases of CNS malformations treated in the neurosurgery department were included in the study. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0.

Results: Total 61 cases were included in the study. The patient’s age ranged from 1 d to 70 years old. Six (9.8%) patients with CNS abnormalities had prenatal diagnoses. There were 34.8% CT scans, 1.7% MRIs (7 after CT), and 23.7% ultrasound scans, among other tests. In 49 instances (80.32%), there was a surgical rationale: 20 cases (40.81%) could be treated, whereas 29 cases (59.18%) did not. In 11 cases (18%), the surgical rationale was not maintained.

Conclusion: CNS abnormalities were frequent in our study. They cause numerous neurological aftereffects and permanent impairments, and are not usually amenable to surgical treatment. Therefore, it is imperative that the DG Khan region concentrates on enhancing preventative measures.

Correlation Between Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D Content and Testosterone Content in Young Healthy Males: A Single Center Cross-Sectional Study

2024-05-07T11:38:47+00:00

Objectives: The current study is conducted to compare serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and total testosterone in young, physically fit adult males.

Study Design: the study was based on cross sectional design.

Study Settings: The research was conducted in Department of Pathology, Shahida Islam Medical and Dental College situated in District Lodhran between 1^st July, 2023 and December, 2023.

Methods: This cross-sectional research, which took place at the Department of Pathology at Shahida Islam Medical and Dental College in Lodhran from July 1, 2023, to December 31, 2023, had 176 young male volunteers, all between the ages of 18 and 35. Each participant was given questionnaires to fill out on their prior medical history, food habits, and rigorous exercise levels. Every participant had their blood drawn following a 12-hour fast and a 24-hour period without physical exercise. Separating serum was done with a centrifuge. The blood concentration of LH, FSH, total testosterone, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were measured by electrochemiluminescence (ECLIA).

Results: A total of 176 individuals in good health were registered, with a mean age of 26.62±5.20 years. The presence of vitamin D of less than 10 ng/ml, between 10–20 ng/ml, and greater than 20 ng/ml were reported in 70 (39.8%), 76 (43.2%), and 30 (17.0%) individuals, accordingly. The mean hormone levels (TT, FSH, and LH) in the three 25(OH)D groups did not vary statistically. Our findings showed that there existed no statistically substantial relationship in the categories under study between 25(OH)D and LH, FSH, and TT.

Conclusion: We found little variation in the condition of the 25(OH)D concentration and the average hormonal measurements (LH, FSH, and TT). Based on these data, we concluded that in young, healthy guys, there is no relationship between testosterone concentrations and deficient or inadequate 25(OH)D level.

Prevalence of Dental Anomalies Among the Pediatric Population at Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Survey

2024-01-04T05:18:30+00:00

Background: Pediatric dental anomalies refer to irregularities or abnormalities in the development, structure, or positioning of the teeth in the oral cavity of children. These anomalies can encompass a wide range of conditions that affect the number, size, shape, and structure of teeth. In Karachi, there is limited evidence regarding the prevalence of dental anomalies in children.

Objective: This study investigated the prevalence of dental anomalies in the pediatric population of the Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.

Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 278 children aged between 3 and 12 years. The socio-demographic and thorough medical history were recorded on a predesigned performa. The diagnosis of all dental anomalies was based on clinical interpretation using sterilized mouth mirrors, probes, or tongue depressors. Difficult cases were addressed by senior faculty members. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 19. Descriptive statistics were used to present the frequency and Mean ± SD.

Result: The prevalence of dental anomalies was 7.4%. in the study area. Male-to-female ratio was 2.2:1. Boys exhibited a higher prevalence of 10.05% compared to girls (4.3%). Peg Lateral Incisors and Fusion/Gemination were the most common anomalies among both genders. Dilaceration, Dentinogenesis Imperfecta, Amelogenesis Imperfecta, Talon Cusp, Anodontia, and supernumerary Tooth (disto-molar) were not identified in either boys or girls. The highest number of dental anomalies was recorded at ages 11 and 12 years.

Conclusion: The prevalence of dental anomalies was high in the study area, underscoring the significance of early diagnosis and careful management to prevent complications.

Evaluation of the ETV Success Score to Improve Decision Making on the Management of Hydrocephalus Secondary to Pediatric Posterior Fossa Tumors

2024-03-11T22:12:07+00:00

Introduction: Children with posterior fossa tumors (PFT) often have hydrocephalus, which can be treated via endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) before the tumor is removed, thereby improving surgical outcomes. Additionally, a scoring system that forecasts ETV success can help with this procedure's decision-making. The purpose of the research is to assess the effectiveness of electrotherapy (ETV) in treating PFT-related hydrocephalus and the predictive validity of the ETV effectiveness score.

Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients aged < 18 years who received ETV prior to PFT resection between 2022 and 2023. For every patient, the ETV success score was acquired retroactively, and its ability to forecast success contrasted with the actual success was noted.

Results: In the first six months after ETV, a worldwide success rate of 61.7% was observed in 40 surgical patients. For patients who were reviewed a year after surgery, this percentage decreased to 52.8%. The histological level of the tumor and the age of the victim did not correlate with the recovery rate. At both time periods, the ETV effectiveness score showed adequate accuracy (AUC = 0.671 at six months, AUC = 0.649 at one year).
Conclusion: In summary, ETV has been shown to be a safe treatment that may effectively cure hydrocephalus in individuals with PFT. In addition, the ETV efficacy score can be a valuable tool for predicting the likelihood of successful endoscopic surgery.

First Death Anniversary of Prof. Dr. Muhammad Aslam khan (1932-2023)

2024-06-04T17:08:17+00:00

Prof. Dr. Muhammad Aslamkhan died peacefully on February 20, 2023, in Lahore, Pakistan. Prof. Aslamkhan was the founding head of the Human Genetics and Molecular Biology Department of the University of Health Sciences Lahore (UHS). He was also a Director of Sports and cocurricular activities at the UHS. His services to UHS were brought by the Higher Education Commission’s project entitled “strengthening of basic medical sciences at UHS, ” commonly known as SBMS as a project director. This project not only brought a lot of funding for the establishment of research facilities at the UHS but also employment opportunities for young people.

Prof. Aslamkhan received his Doctorate of Science (D.Sc.) in Genetics and Anthropology from Johannes Gutenberg University in Mainz, Germany, in 1963, after his master's degree from Punjab University (1953). He was among the founding fellows of the Biological Society of Pakistan (1956) and the Zoological Society of Pakistan (1968). In 1968, he was awarded the Fellowship of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, London. Later, the Pakistan Academy of Medical Sciences awarded him a fellowship in 1985. His professional services include academic and research affiliations with the provincial bodies of Punjab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and East Pakistan (now Bangladesh).

He served as Deputy Chief for the Division of Medical Entomology of the International Center for Medical Research and Training (ICMRT) at the Pakistan Medical Research Center, Lahore. Later, he became the Chief of Malaria Vector Research at ICMRT. This was the time when he studied the bionomics of mosquito species in Pakistan, which serves as a reference (1). While affiliated with the University of Maryland School of Medicine, he extended his research towards vector-borne diseases of public health importance (2-10). After retirement from the University of Maryland, he worked as an independent consultant for several national and international bodies. Later, he joined the Higher Education Commission’s project SBMS as Project Director. During this affiliation, he also launched the first department of Human Genetics in the country at UHS Lahore. This department is still operational and produces many PhDs in human genetics, working at various reputable organizations in and outside the country. The department’s objective was to study the basics of genetic diseases in the country, and it has been doing very well until today. Prof. Aslamkhan’s research on genetic diseases has mainly focused on the role of consanguinity in gene pooling in the Pakistani population (11-13). Over the past several years, he has also voluntarily offered genetic counselling to patients with hemoglobinopathies at Sundas Foundation Lahore. He also studied the public health dynamics of blood donors at the Sundas Foundation in addition to genetic counselling (14, 15). He was also recognized as an Eminent Professor of Genetics by Higher Education Commission.

In 2017, he founded The International Journal of Frontier Sciences and became its first editor-in-chief until he died last year. I am publishing this obituary at his first death anniversary on February 20, 2024, praying for his eternal peace.

I wish him to rest in peace in his life in hereafter. Ameen!